Current medical recommendations do not provide information on sex-specific or gender-sensitive prevention strategies and management. Moreover, young women with type 2 diabetes are currently less likely than men to receive the treatment and CVD risk reduction recommended by guidelines. Women with type 2 diabetes show greater relative risk of CVD and mortality than men. There are differences between men and women regarding type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors with respect to comorbidities, the manifestation of complications and the initiation of and adherence to therapy. Due to the progressive rise in obesity, there is a global increase in women with pregestational type 2 diabetes, often with inadequate preconceptual care. Additionally, menopause increases women's cardiometabolic risk profile. Pregnancies can unmask pre-existing metabolic abnormalities, resulting in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes, which appears to be the most prominent risk factor for progression to type 2 diabetes in women. Across their lifespan, women experience greater hormone fluctuations and body changes due to reproductive factors than men. Moreover, psychosocial stress might play a more prominent role in diabetes risk in women. Women appear to bear a greater risk factor burden at the time of their type 2 diabetes diagnosis, especially obesity. Worldwide, an estimated 17.7 million more men than women have diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing in both sexes, but men are usually diagnosed at a younger age and lower body fat mass than women.

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